DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

According to demographers, as a rural agrarian society evolves into a technology-based urban society, there are changes in demographic trends. Demorgraphic transition is conventionally portrayed as having three stages.

(i) Stage I of Type I or Primitive Demographic Regime This stage is characterised by high birth and death rates, e.g., demography of Europe prior to Industrial Revolution, and that of Japan in the mid-nineteenth cen­tury.
(ii) Stage II The second stage begins with the tech­nological revolutions that chracterise the early stages of economic development. This stage may further be divided into the following three categories:
(a) Type II or Expanding or Youthful Demographic regime This type is marked by sharp decline in death rates, high birth rates and rapid population growth.

(b) Type III or Late Expanding Demographic Regime This is characterised by declining birth rate and low death rates, and decline In growth rates of population.

(c) Type IV or Low Fluctuating or Mature Demo­graphic Regime Low birth rates, high death rates and declining population are main features of this type.
(iii) Stage III or Type V or Zero Population Growth Regime This stage is marked by low birth and death rates, approximately equal, near zero population growth.